2019英國查爾斯大型春季拍賣會+深圳第十五屆文博會鑒賞：銅鎏金文殊菩薩坐像

2019 British Charles Large Spring Auction + Shenzhen 15th Literary Fair Boutique Appreciation: Bronze Gold Manjusri Bodhisattva Sitting


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東漢至西晉時期，佛教傳入我國，此期的佛像，只相當于民間崇拜的神，與中國本土的神仙、鬼怪、巫術(shù)及祖先一起被供奉從東晉十六國開始，特別是南北朝時期，是佛教造像藝術(shù)全面發(fā)展的時期。元明清時期，寺廟造像是佛像藝術(shù)的主流方式，壁畫、木雕、金銅等造像得以迅速發(fā)展，特別是13世紀在青藏高原興起的藏傳佛教，為佛像藝術(shù)注入新的血液。

From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Western Jin Dynasty, Buddhism was introduced into China. During this period, the Buddha statues were only equivalent to the gods of folk worship. They were worshipped together with the Chinese gods, ghosts, witchcraft, and ancestors from the sixteen countries of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, especially during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. It is a period of comprehensive development of Buddhist statue art. During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Temple statues were the mainstream method of Buddha art. Mural paintings, wood carvings, gold and copper statues were rapidly developed. In particular, Tibetan Buddhism, which rose on the Tibetan Plateau in the 13th century, injected new blood into Buddha art.



名稱：銅鎏金文殊菩薩坐像

規(guī)格：高：43.5cm 底徑：32cm

年代：明代

此坐佛像做工精細、造型端莊、金水較厚、銅質(zhì)細膩、手頭沉重、硬度較高、銅胎較厚。其佛像特點具體表現(xiàn)為：面相豐圓適中，比較秀美，五官寫實，雙眼是寫實性的，上眼臉呈弧形，略有上揚的感覺，早起蓮瓣滿布臺座一周，時代愈后，臺座背面蓮瓣越簡略，變成一塊如意云頭開光，佛像顏色偏暖，菩薩像有兩條飄帶從雙肩優(yōu)美的向兩側(cè)甩出，衣飾有刻花，工藝精益求精。

Name: Bronze Gilt Manjusri Bodhisattva

Specification: Height: 43.5 cm Floor diameter: 32cm

Age: Ming Dynasty

This sitting Buddha statue is fine in workmanship, dignified in shape, thick in gold, delicate in copper, heavy in hand, high in hardness, and thick in copper. The specific characteristics of the Buddha statues are as follows: the face is well-rounded, beautiful, realistic, the eyes are realistic, the upper eye is curved, and the feeling is slightly rising. The early Lotus petals are full of seats for a week. After the times, the lotus petals on the back of the pedestal are simpler. Became a wishful cloud, the color of Buddha statues is warm, and the Bodhisattva has two floats thrown from the shoulders to the sides. The clothes are decorated with flowers and the craftsmanship is improving.



鎏金佛像是佛像藝術(shù)種類的一種，也是流傳時間長的一種。在我國古代，佛像多見于石雕石刻，其中為的是鎏金佛像，它是利用水銀加溫黃金，便其熔化，并涂抹至銅佛像表面，再經(jīng)過高溫返原，得出帶金質(zhì)的佛像。因為鎏金原料與珍貴，同時對于工藝要求十分高，容不得一絲的錯誤，所以古往今來，“鎏金佛像”極為珍貴，被譽為佛教至寶，具有的收藏價值。

The Gilt Buddha statue is a kind of Buddha art and is also the longest one. In ancient China, the Buddha statues were mostly found in stone carvings. Among them, the most rare is the Gilt Buddha statues. It uses mercury to warm gold, then it melts, spreads it to the surface of the copper Buddha statues, and then returns to the original after high temperatures to obtain gold Buddha statues. Because the best gold raw materials are scarce and precious, and at the same time, the process requirements are very high and there is no room for mistakes. Therefore, from time to time, the "Golden Buddha" is extremely precious and is known as a Buddhist treasure and has a high collection value.



鎏金佛像始于兩漢，盛于隋唐，一直延續(xù)至明清，跨度兩千多年。作為佛教的器物，鎏金佛像不僅具有宗教意義，一尊制作精美、紋飾絢麗的鎏金銅佛還是當時社會、政治、經(jīng)濟、文化的集中反映，具有的藝術(shù)價值，同時歷朝歷代的鎏金佛像又有各自不同的造型、工藝特點和鮮明的時代特征，對于研究佛教在中國的發(fā)展也具有重要的參考意義。但鎏金佛像流傳至今極為稀罕，主要原因是歷代以來戰(zhàn)亂損毀，再加上器物中有金成份，很多盜墓賊不知鎏金的藝術(shù)價值，就按重量賣給打金匠，熔練為金塊或金元寶，所以被破壞的“鎏金佛像”不可勝數(shù)。



The Gilt Buddha statues began in the Han Dynasty and flourished in the Sui and Tang dynasties. They continued until the Ming and Qing dynasties and span more than 2,000 years. As a Buddhist artifact, the Gilt Buddha statue not only has religious significance, but also a beautifully made and beautifully decorated gilt bronze Buddha is a concentrated reflection of society, politics, economy, and culture at that time, and has extremely high artistic value. At the same time, the gold Buddha statues of the dynasties have their own different shapes, technological characteristics and distinctive characteristics of the times, which are also of great reference for the study of the development of Buddhism in China. However, the spread of gold Buddha statues is extremely rare. The main reason is that wars have been destroyed since ancient times, and there are gold components in the artifacts. Many tomb robbers do not know the artistic value of gold, and they sell it by weight to the Goldsmith and melt it into gold. Block or Jin Yuanbao, Therefore, the number of destroyed "Gilt Buddha statues" is uncountable.

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